The name of the game with yield and reduced light cycle is, "Daily Light Integral." For example, if you have 500ppfd at the canopy for 24/0 light cycle, your DLI is 43.2.
If you have 1000ppfd at the canopy for 12/12 light cycle, your DLI is 43.2.
So it's no so much the hours of the day, it's the intensity of light received during those daylight hours. This is why autos grow well under less intensity, but longer day cycles. Since photos need 12 hours of dark each day cycle, you're limited to a 12 hour window to "apply light fertilizer" to their leaves, hence the increase in intensity seen in most photoperiod flowering rooms.