From my experience, putting them in the ground is a better way to grow in just about every way, but especially good for hot weather. That said, for various reasons this year mine are all in pots. A bit out of desperation, I wrapped mine in reflective insulation to keep the sun off the pots and roots cooler, and it seems to be working really well. Environmentally speaking, it's not the best solution, but at least I can reuse the covers, I would imagine for many years.
These pictures were taken during full sun, with various 'shades' over the structure filtering maybe 60-65% of the light. I'm guessing on that percentage, but it has significantly cooled the space without completely blocking out the sun. Today I might have to go full opaque, we'll see.
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View attachment 1336394